U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

Concomitant strabismus

MedGen UID:
56267
•Concept ID:
C0152203
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Comitant Strabismus; Concomitant Strabismus; Strabismus, Comitant; Strabismus, Concomitant
SNOMED CT: Constant comitant heterotropia (9650008); Comitant strabismus (9650008); Concomitant squint (9650008); Concomitant strabismus (9650008); Comitant squint (9650008); Constant squint (9650008)
 
HPO: HP:0025069

Definition

Strabismus in which the angle of deviation of the squiting eye remains the same in relation to the other eye, in all directions of gaze, and whichever eye is fixing. [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • Concomitant strabismus

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Factors influencing success and dose-effect relation of botulinum A treatment.
Abbasoglu OE, Sener EC, Sanac AS
Eye (Lond) 1996;10 ( Pt 3):385-91. doi: 10.1038/eye.1996.78. PMID: 8796167
Constant wearing of prisms in treatment of concomitant strabismus.
Bérard PV
Int Ophthalmol Clin 1971 Winter;11(4):283-91. PMID: 5155081
Orientations in the treatment of concomitant strabismus.
MURILLO FAJARDO R
Bol Hosp Oftalmol 1962 Apr-Jun;15:70-7. PMID: 14477374

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

When Does Blur Matter? A Narrative Review and Commentary.
Horwood AM
J Binocul Vis Ocul Motil 2022 Apr-Jun;72(2):57-68. Epub 2022 Feb 14 PMID: 35157555
Causes of concomitant strabismus surgery delay in teenagers and adults.
Paduca A, Arnaut O, Lundmark PO, Bruenech JR
Strabismus 2021 Sep;29(3):151-157. Epub 2021 Jul 5 doi: 10.1080/09273972.2021.1948070. PMID: 34223792
Accommodation changes after strabismus surgery due to anterior ciliary vessel disruption.
Xie R, Wang Y, Pan M, Yang M
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2021 Feb;259(2):527-532. Epub 2020 Aug 26 doi: 10.1007/s00417-020-04905-3. PMID: 32845371
Refractive Errors and Concomitant Strabismus: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Tang SM, Chan RY, Bin Lin S, Rong SS, Lau HH, Lau WW, Yip WW, Chen LJ, Ko ST, Yam JC
Sci Rep 2016 Oct 12;6:35177. doi: 10.1038/srep35177. PMID: 27731389Free PMC Article
The genetics of strabismus.
Michaelides M, Moore AT
J Med Genet 2004 Sep;41(9):641-6. doi: 10.1136/jmg.2004.021667. PMID: 15342692Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Divergence bias in Hess compared to Harms screen strabismus testing.
Dysli M, Fierz FC, Rappoport D, Meier TS, Landau K, Bockisch CJ, Weber KP
Strabismus 2021 Mar;29(1):1-9. Epub 2021 Feb 16 doi: 10.1080/09273972.2020.1871382. PMID: 33591220
Refractive Errors and Concomitant Strabismus: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Tang SM, Chan RY, Bin Lin S, Rong SS, Lau HH, Lau WW, Yip WW, Chen LJ, Ko ST, Yam JC
Sci Rep 2016 Oct 12;6:35177. doi: 10.1038/srep35177. PMID: 27731389Free PMC Article
Associated incomitance in concomitant strabismus. Diagnosis and surgical treatment.
Roth A, Bumbacher M, Rossillion B
Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2015 Apr;232(4):459-66. Epub 2015 Apr 22 doi: 10.1055/s-0035-1545785. PMID: 25902098
Prevalence of neurological involvement and malformative/systemic syndromes in A- and V-pattern strabismus.
Dickmann A, Parrilla R, Aliberti S, Perrotta V, Salerni A, Savino G, Petroni S
Ophthalmic Epidemiol 2012 Oct;19(5):302-5. doi: 10.3109/09286586.2012.694553. PMID: 22978531
Eye signs in craniopharyngioma.
Kennedy HB, Smith RJ
Br J Ophthalmol 1975 Dec;59(12):689-95. doi: 10.1136/bjo.59.12.689. PMID: 766825Free PMC Article

Therapy

Long-Term Effects of Botulinum Toxin A for Horizontal Concomitant Strabismus in Chinese Children.
Jiang J, Zuo H, Li S, Cao D, Li L
Semin Ophthalmol 2023 Oct;38(7):638-643. Epub 2023 Mar 13 doi: 10.1080/08820538.2023.2181666. PMID: 36914989
The effect of virtual reality technology in children after surgery for concomitant strabismus.
Zhang H, Yang SH, Chen T, Kang MX, Liu DY, Wang D, Hao J, Wang M, Yang Z, Han X, Su H
Indian J Ophthalmol 2023 Feb;71(2):625-630. doi: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_1505_22. PMID: 36727374Free PMC Article
Effect of Ice Slush on Reducing the Oculocardiac Reflex During Strabismus Surgery.
Qi X, Zou F, Wei X, Wu Y, Cao L, Xu J, Cui Y
Anesth Analg 2023 Jan 1;136(1):79-85. Epub 2022 Nov 2 doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000006239. PMID: 36322461
Accommodation changes after strabismus surgery due to anterior ciliary vessel disruption.
Xie R, Wang Y, Pan M, Yang M
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2021 Feb;259(2):527-532. Epub 2020 Aug 26 doi: 10.1007/s00417-020-04905-3. PMID: 32845371
Factors influencing success and dose-effect relation of botulinum A treatment.
Abbasoglu OE, Sener EC, Sanac AS
Eye (Lond) 1996;10 ( Pt 3):385-91. doi: 10.1038/eye.1996.78. PMID: 8796167

Prognosis

Comprehensive analysis of strabismus reoperations: clinical insights and progression factors.
Niu R, Lv P, Hao R, Zhang W
BMC Ophthalmol 2024 Oct 11;24(1):446. doi: 10.1186/s12886-024-03712-2. PMID: 39394059Free PMC Article
Sensory Function of Children With Strabismus After Epiblepharon Surgery.
You H, Lew H
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2024 Jul-Aug;61(4):257-261. Epub 2024 Feb 21 doi: 10.3928/01913913-20240118-02. PMID: 38380939
Long-Term Effects of Botulinum Toxin A for Horizontal Concomitant Strabismus in Chinese Children.
Jiang J, Zuo H, Li S, Cao D, Li L
Semin Ophthalmol 2023 Oct;38(7):638-643. Epub 2023 Mar 13 doi: 10.1080/08820538.2023.2181666. PMID: 36914989
Outcomes of a simplified, fixed surgical dosage calculation for uncomplicated, horizontal, concomitant strabismus in adults.
Natung T, Pandey I, Lyngdoh LA
Indian J Ophthalmol 2022 Apr;70(4):1321-1326. doi: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_2399_21. PMID: 35326047Free PMC Article
Intracranial aneurysm and diplopia due to oculomotor nerve palsy: pre- and post-operative study.
Arrico L, Giannotti R, Ganino C, Lenzi T, Malagola R
Clin Ter 2014;165(4):e258-62. doi: 10.7417/CT.2014.1740. PMID: 25203340

Clinical prediction guides

Comprehensive analysis of strabismus reoperations: clinical insights and progression factors.
Niu R, Lv P, Hao R, Zhang W
BMC Ophthalmol 2024 Oct 11;24(1):446. doi: 10.1186/s12886-024-03712-2. PMID: 39394059Free PMC Article
Distribution and appearance of myosin, dystrophin, and collagen IV in strabismus-affected extraocular muscle tissue compared with control tissue.
Junga A, Babenko T, Fedirko P, Pilmane M
J Int Med Res 2024 Mar;52(3):3000605241233521. doi: 10.1177/03000605241233521. PMID: 38436252Free PMC Article
Sensory Function of Children With Strabismus After Epiblepharon Surgery.
You H, Lew H
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2024 Jul-Aug;61(4):257-261. Epub 2024 Feb 21 doi: 10.3928/01913913-20240118-02. PMID: 38380939
When Does Blur Matter? A Narrative Review and Commentary.
Horwood AM
J Binocul Vis Ocul Motil 2022 Apr-Jun;72(2):57-68. Epub 2022 Feb 14 PMID: 35157555
Strabismus and eye muscle function.
Lennerstrand G
Acta Ophthalmol Scand 2007 Nov;85(7):711-23. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0420.2007.00853.x. PMID: 17944625

Recent systematic reviews

Refractive Errors and Concomitant Strabismus: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Tang SM, Chan RY, Bin Lin S, Rong SS, Lau HH, Lau WW, Yip WW, Chen LJ, Ko ST, Yam JC
Sci Rep 2016 Oct 12;6:35177. doi: 10.1038/srep35177. PMID: 27731389Free PMC Article

Supplemental Content

Table of contents

    Clinical resources

    Practice guidelines

    • PubMed
      See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.
    • Bookshelf
      See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.

    Consumer resources

    Reviews

    Related information

    • ClinVar
      Related medical variations
    • MeSH
      Related Medical Subject Headings
    • PMC Articles
      Related information in PubMed Central Links
    • PubMed
      Related literature resources in PubMed

    Recent activity

    Clear Turn Off Turn On

    Your browsing activity is empty.

    Activity recording is turned off.

    Turn recording back on

    See more...